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"Little darling, the smiles returning to the faces..."

- The Beatles, Here Comes the Sun

While the weather may be more suited to a hot cocoa than a cold beer, the UK is finally, if still cautiously, opening up its service sector. Photographs of Brits huddled under insufficient umbrellas around beer garden tables and reclaimed high street pavements are, however, likely pertinent, not just for societal reclamation, but importantly, for the economic recovery.

At this week’s Bank of England (BoE) meeting (and accompanying Monetary Policy Report – formerly known as the Quarterly Inflation Report), the BoE echoed the more positive tone of the nation and raised the growth forecast for 2021 to an impressive 7.25%, from just 5.00% in February. Indeed, perhaps the most notable amendment to the forecasts between February and May was the fact the spike in the unemployment rate that the BoE (as well as the Office for Budget Responsibility and other forecasters) had expected has gone. Instead, it appears that the extension of the furlough schemes has dovetailed perfectly with the timely reopening of the economy such as to prevent the feared sectoral layoffs.

On inflation, the central projection is that CPI is above target at the end of the year (in part due to energy effects, but also a function of returning demand), but then falling back to target, as excess demand is met by improved supply dynamics. This pattern is also mirrored in the growth trajectory, as fiscal boost is reversed in later years.

The BoE Governor talked about the very different dynamics to the current crisis than those of the global financial crisis (GFC), and repeated comments from earlier in the pandemic that recessions that are caused by financial crises have more lasting consequences – hence the more rapid rebound expectations this time round. This is an important comment for us. We have maintained the view that the recovery from the covid pandemic will be very different from the recovery from the GFC.

This is a key narrative in our macro thoughts (but one that is not widely debated), that unlike the synchronised (but slow) recovery from the GFC, the global covid recovery will be more rapid, but crucially more differentiated.

There were also some more dovish elements of the narrative from the BoE Governor in relation to the expected future path of interest rates. Many commentators had viewed a Monetary Policy Report forecast of inflation at target at the policy relevant horizon as validating market expectations of rate hikes that are priced into the curve (the view that the inflation projection being at target is contingent on those rate hikes). However, the Governor was more sanguine, stating that the difference between the conditioning assumption (market implied rates) and the constant rate forecast was very modest – a “fine judgement”. Personally, I view this as part of the forward guidance messaging. The current market implied rate expectations do not likely generate undue tightening, but central bank explicit validation of this assumption becomes a base case that could affect the flexibility of the BoE at a future date – given the varied uncertainties ahead – not just in terms of virus setbacks but also what the new normal may look like (worker locations, consumer preferences etc.).

Lastly and perhaps most pertinently, the Governor addressed the BoE’s decision to reduce the weekly pace of asset purchases under the current quantitative easing (QE) programme from £4.4B per week to £3.4B per week. The Governor was clear to point out that this did not amount to a tapering of QE, as it may have done under an unlimited QE programme, as the BoE had already announced that it would purchase an additional GBP 150 billion of assets through the course of 2021. Thus, it is the original announcement of the accumulation of the stock of QE that should be viewed as the stimulus, and the slowdown in accumulation pace is simply an arithmetic means to accomplish the stock accumulation. At the margin, however, I suspect that there is still a mildly hawkish implication for rates markets, at least at the flow level. Either way I would expect the European Central Bank to use a similar argument to play down the potential hawkish implications of the reduction in the pace of PEPP purchases, likely at the June meeting.

None on the Monetary Policy Committee are more confident in the potential economic rebound in the UK than the outgoing Chief Economist, who at this week’s meeting dissented in the decision to maintain the target stock of QE assets at GBP 875B, in favour of reducing that target to GBP 825B. The Chief Economist has long argued for a larger and more extended period of excess demand with a supply/demand balance that likely maintained upward price pressures. In part, as the Bank Governor reiterated, the key difference between the picture in February to May comes from higher real yields, which are reflective of higher growth expectations. The extent and durability of this rebound will be closely watched; time will tell if the outgoing Chief Economist will be viewed as prescient or simply optimistic.

Indeed, there are a number of reasons to be more positive about the UK of late. As the FT pointed out earlier in the week, there is a case to be made for a reduction in the Brexit discount on UK assets as a function of trade/political uncertainties, now that the EU-UK trade deal has been ratified by the European Parliament, particularly if opportunities from the vaccine rollout success and reopening momentum – the start of a very strong rebound in economic activity – are considered.

Finally, a lot has been made recently about the political risks to the UK from ‘wallpapergate’ and from the potential for a Scottish Independence Referendum (IndyRef2). In my mind, the risks have been significantly overplayed. The results from the Scottish parliamentary elections will come in over the weekend, and we will see how the results play out in relation to the symbolically important SNP majority, and more importantly the subsequent noises about IndyRef2. For now, however, we are inclined to view the UK and indeed GBP through a more positive lens.

Tonight, I may well celebrate this with a cold beer (from an actual pub!) …and a warm jacket. A welcome change after a long cold lonely winter and I say it’s alright...

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